Introduction to Aluminum
Extraction of Aluminium
Properties of Aluminium
Characteristic of Aluminum
Use of Aluminum
Introduction to Copper
Extraction of Copper from its Ores
Properties of Copper
Uses of Copper
Introduction to Aluminum
- Symbol Al and atomic number 13.
- Aluminum occurs in abundance on the surface of the earth.
- Aluminum makes up about 8% of the Earth’s crust.
- It is available in various forms such as oxide, sulphates, silicates, phosphates etc.
- Mostly it is commercially produced mainly from bauxite.
- Aluminum is remarkable for the metals low density and for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of “Passivation”.
Introduction to Copper
- Copper was first used as early as 10,000 years ago. A copper pendant from about 8700 B.C. was found in what is now northern Iraq.
- In about 3000 B.C. , large deposits of copper ore were found on the island of Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea.
- When the Romans conquered Cyprus, they gave the metal the Latin name aes cyprium, which was often shortened to cyprium.
- Later this was corrupted to cuprum, from which the English word copper and the chemical symbol Cu are derived.
- Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29.
- Copper is found as native metal and in minerals ie. cuprite, azurite, chalcopyrite and bornite.
- The most common sulfide ore is chalcopyrite, CuFeS 2 , also known as copper pyrite or yellow copper ore. Chalcocite, Cu 2 S, is another sulfide ore.
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