Construction of Staircases and Ramps
A ladder, a staircase and a ramp is used for access between two floors. Lift and escalators are the mechanical access means which are also used for vertical circulation.
An introduction to staircase and ramps:
A ladder, a staircase and a ramp is used for access between two floors. Lift and escalators are the mechanical access means which are also used for vertical circulation.
Ladder:
A ladder is made of narrow series of horizontal steps fixed between two vertical members of wood or metal, on which a person climbs up or climbs down facing the ladder. A ladder is usually placed in an upright or slant position with its one end on the upper floor and other end at the base floor. It is used to access lofts, water tanks etc.
Stairs:
A stair or a stairway is a set of step formed or constructed to reach another level on foot. A stair may be formed as a single straight flight of steps. Usually a stair is formed by two or more set of flights with mid landings to make a quarter or half turn staircase. Using two flights minimizes the number of steps in each flight. It is a conventional way of vertical access between two floors. It should be easy to access, comfortable and safe with steps that are easy to climb, within a compact area.
Ramps:
A ramp is a sloping surface linking different levels. The slope for construction of ramp is considered at least 1 in 20 (1:20), which means 1 meter vertical rise in 20 meter horizontally covered distance. A ramp occupies more space compared to a ladder or a stair. The advantage of ramp is that it allows an easy and safe access for wheelchairs and pushchairs and hence is considered as a compulsory consideration while designing for disabled.
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